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The range of results of each these tests indicates the suitable uses of concrete work. The slump and compacting factor test values shown below are of concretes with 20mm or 40mm maximum size of aggregates. Degree of workability. Slump (mm) Compacting factor. Use for which concrete is suitable. Small apparatus.
The soil reference value is expressed as a percentage of density. These values are determined before any compaction takes place to develop the compaction specifications. Modified Proctor values are higher because they take into account higher densities needed for certain types of construction projects.
The compaction factor test is designed for use in the laboratory but it is also used in the field. This test is more sensitive and precise than the slump test . It is particularly useful for concrete mixes of very low workability and generally used when concrete is compacted by vibration.
Compaction is an important standard in evaluating the quality of earth filling work. The EDG, an electrical density gauge, is a new type of fast and nondestructive compaction detection equipment. It is used to test the dry density and water content of the soil by establishing a soil calibration model while the accuracy of measurement is mainly based on the precision of equation of calibration ...
Also, with the static compaction method, [22] found that a pressure of around 820 kN/m 2 produced the same compaction curve as that produced using the standard Proctor. [23] presented the gyratory ...
Compaction Factor Apparatus. As per IS1199:1999 Compaction factor test apparatus consists of, 1) Two conical hoppers and a bottom cylinder which is arranged as shown in below fig. 2) Steel rod of 1.6 cm Diameter with a length of 61cm is used to tamp the concrete. 3) Weight balance is used to weight the concrete. Compaction Factor Test.
The required soil compaction factor (according to SNiP 3.02.01-87) for backfill or embankment is presented in table 1. Table 1. Soil compaction factor. For example, the value of the compaction coefficient of the backfill soil made of sand, the filling capacity of 2.5 m and the load on the embankment of 0.3 MPa is 95 %.
Compaction factor test or compacting factor test determines the degree of compaction which is achieved by a standard amount of work done by allowing the concrete to fall through a standard height. According to ' Indian Standard, IS 1199-1959 ', the compacting factor is the ratio of the weight of partially compacted concrete to the weight of ...
content achieved by standard Proctor Tests (ASTM D698) with plastic limit (PL) and liquid limit (LL). This is a key figure to consult when compacting expansive clay soils. Taken from "Factors Influencing Compaction" (1962), HRB Report 319.
The standard Proctor test [4] was used to characterize the compaction conditions of the soil, described by a maximum dry unit weight (γ dmax) of 19.3 kN/m 3 and an optimum water content (w opt) of 9.5% [35]. Table 2. Main properties of the soil used in the experiments (based on [35] ). Property.
Factors that can affect compaction factor result. 1. Material used for filling is not same as which we had tested in third party lab or own lab for MDD and OMC. 2. If doing sand replacement test, the density of standard sand need to be verify before each test and also the value of mass of sand in cone should be re-verified. 3.
Standard Proctor compaction test. The object of this test is to determine the relationship between the water content and dry density of soil and also to determine the optimum moisture content corresponding to maximum dry density. Laboratory compaction test; Standard Proctor compaction test of soil are described below
better laboratory methods of establishing a density standard on which to base compaction control specifications. ... n the common factor W is cancelled out, the desired term D may be found: ... by substituting the proper values in Eq. 3. This plot is shown as Curve A in Figure 1.
If the compaction factor value is close to 0.7, this concrete is suitable for road pavement and value of about 0.95 shows highly strengthened concrete. Conclusion The normal range of the concrete compaction test ranges between (0.8 – 0.92).
Fundamentals of Compaction: The fundamentals of compaction were first time presented by RR. Proctor in 1933, in his honor; the standard laboratory compaction test which is developed is commonly called the Standard Proctor Test. According to Proctor, the compaction of a soil mass is dependent on the following four major factors: 1. Soil type, 2.
Calculation of Compaction Factor Value The compaction factor is defined as the ratio of the weight of partially compacted concrete to the weight of fully compacted concrete. It shall normally to be stated to the nearest second decimal place. Compaction Factor Value= (W1-W) / (W2-W) Result of Compaction Factor
Value of Max. Dry Density (MDD) = 2.230 gram/cc = 2230 KG/ cubic metre Compaction Factor = (Max.Dry Density/Density of Blended Aggregate ) =2.230/ 1.80 =1.2388 = 1.24 Hence compaction factor = 1.24 3- How much loose thickness should be taken to get proper compacted layer thickness ? Compaction factor = 1.24 Thickness of WMM Layer = 150 mm Hence
The type of compaction and the provided energy for a given soil volume are standard and, thus, the test focuses on the change of a sample's moisture content to derive the optimum water content (w opt). The standard Proctor test includes a 0.95-liter volume cylindrical mold in which the soil mass is placed and compacted in 3 layers.
The compacting factor test was established in the United Kingdom and documented in BS 1881-103: 1993. It is suitable for aggregate sizes up to 40mm. This test operates on the principle of determining the amount of compaction achieved by a standard amount of effort done by letting the concrete to fall through a specified height.
Compaction is greatly affected by soil type, moisture content, and compaction effort and is usually test using ASTM D698. In this report it is concluded that the soil sample reaches its highest compact state when the dry unit weight is as its maximum value of 16kN/m3 and 15% moisture content.
Then, the Recorded value of the weight of the cylinder after filling it with the compaction test apparatus. =W1. And recorded value of weight of same cylinder after full compaction = W2. Due to the use of a standard size cylinder, we neglect the volume of the cylinder and thus find the compaction factor with help of weighing.
Compaction is the greatest determining factor in dense graded pavement performance (Scherocman and Martenson, 1984 [2]; ... A control strip is a short pavement section that is compacted to the desired value under close scrutiny then used as the compaction standard for a particular job.
In the UK by Glanville in 1947 compaction factor tests were developed and the degree of compaction is measure by it. This test will give the reasonably reliable assessment of the workability of concrete and the test require measurement of the weight of the partially and fully compacted concrete and also the ratio the partially compacted weight to the fully compacted weight.
2. COMPACTION FACTOR TEST The principle of compacting factor is determining the degree of compaction achieved by concrete for a standard amount of work done by allowing the concrete to fall through a standard height. The compacting factor gives the behavior of fresh concrete under the action of external forces.
For repetitive loading such as pavements, 95% of the standard Proctor is woefully deficient, particularly in sandy soils or clayey/silty sands above optimum moisture. One must also keep in mind that compaction does not equal stability. You can achieve compaction in soils that have little or no load-induced stability. Don't mix up the two!
The standard proctor compaction test is used in establishing a relationship between moisture content and dry density for the soil under controlled conditions. The standard proctor compaction test was first developed by R.R. Proctor (1933) for assessing compacted fill and from then it became a universal standard test. Compaction of soils is a very essential...
Step 7. Divide the weight of the dry soil by the volume of sand required to fill the hole to find the soil density in pounds per cubic foot. For example, if the weight of the soil is now 1 lb. and the volume of the sand in the hole is .5 cubic feet, the density would be 1 lb/.05 cubic feet, …
174 Plug those values into the calculator and it will tell you that the compaction factor = 1.237. Multiply the 1185 cubic yards by 1.237 1185 * 1.237 = 1465.9 To complete this job you will need 1465.9 cubic yards of this gravel in loose state volume.
Compaction's importance. Compaction is how proper density is achieved. Compaction is typically expressed as "percent air voids.". In many mixes, a denser hot mix pavement leads to a higher quality pavement, so density values are often used in industry to pay or penalize paving contractors. Failures such as rutting, raveling and moisture ...
The Standard procedure determines the optimum moisture content of a material that will allow a given applied compaction force to obtain the maximum dry density of the material. This result is used to create a specification for compaction on the worksite. Because conditions in the field do not match the ideal conditions in a laboratory, the target
This is a continuation of the previous article I posted How to do a compaction test or In-situ density test, about the calculation of the compaction test report. Here we are going to compute the bulk density of sand down to the degree of compaction of soil.. I would really want to pursue this article just to completely show the full process of getting the results of the test from taking the ...
The compaction factor for the test is calculated by dividing the value of partially compacted concrete by the value of fully compacted concrete. i.e Compaction Factor = W1/W2. Conclusion: Value Of Compacting Factor Standard Of Workability 0.95 ...
Figure 4 Effects of compactive effort on compaction curves It can be seen from this figure that the compaction curve is not a unique soil characteristic. It depends on the compaction energy. For this reason it is important when giving values of (γdry)max and mopt to also specify the compaction procedure (for example, standard or modified).
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